Duplicating-machine.



E. M. BENNETT.

DUPLIOA'IING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAILG, 1909.

1,099,893, Patented June 9,1914.

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DUPLIOATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JAN.6, woej Patented June 9, 1914.

4 SHEBTS-SHEET 2.

E. M. BENNETT.

DUPLIGATING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN. e, 1909.

Patented June 9,1914;

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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E. M. BENNETT.

DUPLIGATING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 6, 1909.

Patented June 9, 191i 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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a? a ilto rney UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMMET M. BENNETT, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE WRITERPRESS COMPANY, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

DUPLICATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 6, 1909.

Patented June 9, 1914. Serial No. 470,960.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EMMET M. BENNETT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Duplicating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to duplicating-machines such are are used for printing officeforms, circular letters, and the like.

It has for its object the provision of an inking-roller acting in conjunction with an il'npression-element to ink the printing charactors of a type-form and impress upon a sheet of paper laid upon said form the characters or other matter constituting said form.

It also has for its object the provision of means whereby the inking-roller and impression-element are interchangeable in action so that the type-form is first inked and then pressed upon to cause a sheet of paper laid thereon to receive the imprint of the form.

Another object is to so construct the device that the raising of the impression-element causes the inking-roller to be lowered against the type-form, and the lowering of the impression-element causes the inkingroller to be moved out of contact with said form.

Still further objects are to provide an improved yielding track upon which the impression-element (in the form of a' roller) rolls and which track yields throughout its length when the impression-element is in contact therewith at any point; to so construct said yielding track that the extent to which it yields is greatest in the region of the point of contact of the impression-element and gradually diminishes toward its ends; to provide improved stops for the actuating-arms of the impression-roller; and to otherwise improve on machines of this type now in use.

With these objects in view my invention consists in the combination and arranger ent of devices and in the construction, arrangement, and combination of parts to be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the subjoined claims.

Referring now to the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a duplicating-machine equipped with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section of the machine. Fig. 3 is "a plan view of the same. Flg. is an enlarged side elevation of the printing carriage and one end of the ma chine body. Fig. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal section through an intermediate portion of the machine with the printingcarriage at such portion. Fig. 6 is an enlarged transverse section taken on line 66, Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is an enlarged transverse section taken on line 7-7, Fig. 5. Fig. 8 isan enlarged longitudinal section taken on line 8-8, Fig. 8. Fig. 9 is a horizontal section taken on line 9-9, Fig. 4. Fig. 10 is a detached perspective view of one of the links of the actuating-mechanism connecting the impression-roller and the inkingroller. Fig. 11 is a detached perspective view of one of the journal-boxes of the inkingroller. Fig. 12 is an enlarged transverse section taken on line 12-12, Fig. 1. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of one of the yielding tracks upon which the impression-roller rolls. Fig. 14 is a longitudinal section through the same. Figs. 15, 16, and 17 are cross-sections taken on lines 1515,

1616, and 1717, respectively, in Fig. 14.

Fig. 18 is a perspective view of one of the side-plates of the base of the yielding-track.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

The reference letter A designates the frame or body of the machine comprising sides a and a fiat bed a connecting said sides. Upon said bed, the type-form B is laid, which may consist of assembled type, a zinc etching or other out, or both; in fact any object or objects from which an impression can be made may be placed upon the bed and held rigid by any practicable means. The bed a has upstanding angular flanges C at its longitudinal marginal portions so arranged that their horizontal portions extend outward and provide grooves 0. Between said upstanding flanges and the typeform,herein shown as including a chaseyielding tracks D are held, the purpose of which will appear hereinafter.

A carrier in the form of a sliding carriage, designated E, is arranged to be reciprocated on the body or frame, and it preferably comprises two side members e which rest upon the upper faces of the flanges C and a cross-member 6 connecting said side members at the top; said cross member having a handle 6 whereby the carriage may be conveniently taken hold of and reciprocated on the body of the machine. Said side members have reduced depending extensions 6 at their lower ends on which are mounted to rotate, suitable guide-rollers F which travel in the grooves c of the flanges C. The side-members of the carriage have alined vertical openings G forming fixed journal portions in which vertically adjustable bearing-boxes g are held. Oscillating-arms g are provided, one for cooperation with each bearing-box, and each arm has a hub mounted in its cooperating bearing-box. An impression-device, preferably in the form of a roller H, extends transversely of the machine body and its journals h are.mounted in bores arranged eccentrically in the hubs g of said oscillatingarms, so that the impression-roller in its travels and upon oscillation of said arms,

I in the manner to be presently described,

will be moved in contact with the type-form and out of contact therewith. The normal position of the oscillating-arms is that shown in Fig. 1, in which they are inclined in the direction in which the carriage is to be moved, as indicated by the arrow J. Upon placing a sheet of paper I upon the typeform and moving the carriage forward in the direction of said arrow, the impressionroller is rolled over the paper-covered typeform with the desired pressure, to obtain the impression desired, and the amount of. the pressure to be applied is governed by adjusting screws K passing through the top of the carriage and bearing against the upper ends of the boxes g. Between the lower ends of said boxes and the bottom wall of the openings G, suitable springs are interposed so that the boxes are held elevated against the screws K after being adjusted. As the carriage approaches the end of its forward movement, the oscillating arms 9 strike yielding stops L and are swung from the position shown in Fig. 1, to that shown in Fig. 4: whereupon the eccentric hubs of said arms are caused to rock within their boxes and the axis of the impression-roller to be elevated, thus elevating the roller so that when the carriage is returned to normal position the impression-roller will move rearward above and out of contact with the typeform. As the carriage approaches the end of its rearward or return movement, the oscillating-arms 9 come in contact with rigid stops L and are caused to move from the position shown in Fig. 4 to that shown in Fig. 1, thus causing, through the action of the eccentric hubs 9 the lowering of the impresssion-roller, so that it will again be in position to be 'moved forward in contact with a second sheet of paper laid upon the type-form.

The stops L are formed integrally with bumpers L against which the carriage strikes so as to be limited in its forward movement. These parts therefore form a combined stop and bumper which is constructed of a strip of spring-metal having a straight flexible intermediate portion I normally at a slight angle to the horizontal, and bent into the form of a hook Z at its rear end so as to surroundastop-pin Z which limits the movements of said intermediate portion both upward and downward. At its front end, each of the strips of metal is bent upon itself to form a triangular loop Z with the extremity of the strip free to flex when the oscillating-arms g are brought forcibly against them. The hook-like rear end therefore serves to oscillate the arms g while the triangular loops serve as spring bumpers to relieve the carriage of strain and jar occasioned by its striking said bumpers. Said strips are provided at their inner edges with depending extensions Z through which screws Z are passed that take into threaded apertures provided therefor in the body A. At the rear end of the grooves 0, rubber bumpers Z are provided to relieve the carriage of strain and jar at the end of its rearward movement.

In connection with the impression-roller, an inking-roller M is provided which is preferably located in front of the impression-roller, and like the latter, is journaled in the carriage. Said inking-roller has its journals M mounted in vertically-movable bearing-boxes m held in alined vertical openings m in the sides of the carriage, which form fixed bearing portions for said boxes, and said boxes are so connected with the oscillating-arms 9 that when the impression-roller is elevated, the inking-roller is lowered, and conversely, so that each roller is always in a position opposite that in which the other is held. For this purpose a link N connects each oscillating-arm with the knuckle or knee of a toggle N having the levers n, n thereof disposed vertically when alined. The upper ends of the upper levers a are pivotally secured to the carriage at 12 and the lower levers n have the boxes m pivotally and adj ustably connected thereto. The last-mentioned connection is made by providing the lower levers n of the toggles with longitudinal slots 77. through which pivot-screws n are passed that screw into threaded apertures formed in depending extensions m on the boxes m, and between the heads of said screws and the levers 11 one end of adjusting screws 0 are held; said screws passing through the lower ends of the levers 12. which are bent at an angle for the purpose, as at a and in order to adjust the boxes m, nuts 0 are applied to the screws 0 so that they bear against opposite sides of the bent lower ends of said levers. By raising or lowering roller comprises a sleeve P having bushings p fitting into opposite ends, and an absorbent transfer cover V, such as felt, surrounding said sleeve and adapted, when passing over and in contact with the typefo-rm, to ink the latter so that the paper placed upon said type-form will receive the imprint thereof when the impression-roller passes over and in contact with the paper. Said bushings are pinned to the sleeve P, as at 12 and project from the ends of the latter. They are provided with stepped bores having their outer portions flared and threaded and they also have their projecting ends externally threaded for applicationv thereto of collars p which bear against opposite ends of said sleeve and felt cover. Entering the bushings p are split locksleeves p which are tapered to fit the internally-threaded portions of said bushings, and passing through said lock-sleeves and the bore of said bushings are the journals M which are held against en-dwise movement by said lock-sleeves clamping securely around the same. The journals have collars which bear against the inner sides of the journal-boxes m and thus prevent endwise movement of the inking-roller. In order to remove said roller, it requires merely that the lock-sleeves p be unscrewed sufliciently to release their hold on the spindles, so that the latter may be thrust into the roller sufficiently to withdraw the journals from the boxes m, after which the roller may be removed from between the sides of the printing-carriage.

The impression-roller H has its spindle equipped with friction collars Q which ride over the yielding tracks D and cause rotation of said roller. base or support R, suitable springs 1" secured to said base or support and a friction-rail 1, carried by said springs. In the preferred embodiment of my invention, said base or support comprises two side plates S and a solid intermediate member s to which said plates are secured. The manner of securing the side plates to the intermediate member depends on the material of which said member is made, and therefore this is immate rial, as many practicable means would suggest themselves to any ordinary mechanic; however, as a track of light weight is desirable, I prefer to construct the intermediate member of wood and screw the sides plates thereto, as shown. The side plates are wider than the intermediate member and there- Each track comprises a,

fore provide an intervening space 8 between the projecting portions of said plates, and in said space, the springs 1", preferably semielliptical in form, are fastened to the upper face of said intermediate member. Said springs are held in place by keepers s in the form of ears stamped from the plates and bent at an angle thereto so as to lie on and clamp the springs centrally between their ends. The side plates are somewhat longer than the intermediate member and project beyond opposite ends thereof. The friction-rail, as stated, lies upon the ends of the springs 1" and its ends are rccurved, as at s, to enter the spaces between the opposite projecting ends of said side-plates; said ends serving to guide the rail in its movements. Said side plates have ears 8 stamped therefrom and bent inward at right-angles thereto, which ears act as stops to limit the upward movement of said friction-rail owing to the recurved ends of said rail bearing against the underside of said stops. The tracks D are provided with a plurality of openings at through which are passed screws d that thread into the upstanding flanges C on the bed a, said screws serving to hold the tracks in proper position between said flanges and the type-form. Owing to the friction-rail being made of one piece of material and yieldingly supported at different points in its length, it will yield throughout its length when the impressionroller is in contact therewith at any point;

but its greatest yielding movement is always in the region of the point of contact of said roller therewith, the extent of movement decreasing toward the ends of the rail, or if the impression-roller is at either end, the decrease in extent of movement is toward the distant end. By means of this construction, each track has its greatest degree of yield at the point of contact of the impression member and gradually inclines from the end being approached toward said point of contact. This is a very important feature of my invention, since the rail is gradually being depressed to the extent necessary by the approaching roller, thus rendering the carriage exceedingly easy to move and reducing the noise to the minimum.

When the carriage is at the end of its rearward movement, which is the normal position of the same, the inking-roller is elevated and the impression-roller lowered. In order to ink the type-form preparatory to printing, the carriage is moved forward in eontact with the uninked type-form until the oscillating-arms g strike the yielding stops L. Said arms may well be termed .controlling-arms since they act to control the movements of the impression-roller and inking-roller toward and from the type-form. Upon strikingsaid stops, the controllingarms are moved through an arc of a circle causing their eccentric-hubs to elevate the impression-roller, and through the intervention of the links N and toggles N causing the bearing-boxes m to lower, thus lowering the inking-roller so that when the printing carriage'is drawn rearward, said inkingroller will roll over the type-form and ink the same. As the printing carriage approaches. the end of its rearward movement, the controlling-arms g strike-the stops L and cause the impression-roller to be lowered and the inking-roller to be elevated, thus positioning said rollers for the forward movement; but before the carriage is moved forward, a sheet of paper to receive the impression of the type-form is placed upon the latter, so that when the lowered impressionroller'is rolled over the paper with the desired pressure the inked type-form imprints upon the paper. During the printing action, the inking-roller is held elevated and passes above the paper on the type-form. The printed paper may be removed by hand or automatically, as may be desired; and after the printing carriage is returned to normal position and the type-form has been inked by the inking-roller during the rearward movement, a second sheet of paper is laid upon the inked type-form, to be printed upon during the forward movement of said carriage. This is continued until the desired number of copies are printed. It is therefore understood, that when the typeform is being inked, the impression-roller is inactive and when printing of the paper takes place, the inking-roller is inactive.

The particular embodiment of my invention herein shown and described, is that now thought to be most suitable for the purpose intended, but since various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of my invention, I do not wish to confine myself to the particular arrangement and construc tion herein shown and described, but desire that the appended claims be given the broadest interpretation permissible by the prior art.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is,

1. The combination with a frame, of a printing form on said frame, a reciprocating carriage on said frame, oscillating controlling-arms having hubs mounted to rock in said carriage, stops against which said arms strike during the reciprocation of said carriage, an impression-roller journaled eccentrically in said hubs, a rotatable inkingroller mounted in said carriage and movable toward and from said form, and operative connections between said inking-roller and said controlling-arms to cause said inkingroller to be moved contrary to said impression-roller.

2. The combination of a form-carrying member, a reciprocating-carriage on said member having hubs mounted to rock therein, means causing said hubs to rock at predetermined points in the movement of said carriage, an impression-roller journaled eccentrically in said hubs, an inking-roller adjacent said impression-roller and movable toward and from said form-carrying-member, and operative connections between said hubs and said inking-roller, said connections serving to move said inking-roller against the form-carrying member when said hubs are rocked to cause said impression-roller to move out of printing-position.

3. The combination with av frame, of a type-form on said frame, a carriage mounted for reciprocating movement on said frame, two pairs of boxes in said carriage, controlling-arms having hubs mounted to rock in one pair of said boxes, an impressionroller journaled eccentrically in said hubs, an inking-roller journaled in the other pair of said boxes, a toggle for each of said lastmentioned boxes, each having one end pivotaliy connected with its cooperating box and its other end pivotally connected with said carriage, links connecting said controllingarms with the knuckles of said toggles, and means to cause said controlling-arms to oscillate during each reciprocating movement of said carriage.

4:. The combination with a form-carrying member anda traveling impression-member, of tracks at opposite sides of the form on which said impression-member rides, each track comprising a support having an intermediate member and side plates secured to opposite sides of said intermediate member and projecting above the upper edge of the latter, said side plates having inwardly-directed ears stamped therefrom, springs held to said intermediate member by said ears, and a ail carried by said springs and yielding under pressure from said impressionmember.

5. The combination with a form-carrying member and a traveling impression-member, of tracks at opposite sides of the form on which said impression-member rides, each track comprising a support having a longitudinal groove and an inwardly-directed stop at each end. springs located in said groove, and a rail carried by said springs and having its ends recurved and engaging said stops tolimit its upward movement.

6. The combination with a form-carrying member and a traveling impression-member, of tracks at opposite sides of the form on which said impression-member rides, each track comprising a support having an intermediate member and side plates secured to opposite sides of said intermediate member and projecting above the upper edge of the latter and beyond the ends thereof to form intervening spaces, said side plates having inwardly-directed ears stamped therefrom at their ends and similar ears stamped therefrom between their ends, springs held to said intermediate member by said last-mentioned ears, and a rail carried by said springs and having its ends recurved to enter the intervening spaces at the ends with the extremities of the rail underneath the first-mentioned ears.

7. The combination with a form carryingmember, of a printing-device mounted for reciprocating movement on said member, and stops to limit the movement of said reciprocating printing-device-in one direction, each stop being formed of a flexible strip of metal secured to said member and bent upon itself to provide a free yielding end against which said printing-device strikes and a bumper at its outer end to positively limit the movement of said printing-device.

8. The combination with a form-carrying member, of a printing-device mounted for reciprocating movement on said member, and bumpers to limit the movement of said reciprocating printing-device in one direction, each bumper being formed of a flexible strip of metal bent into trian ular form at its outer end with a free yieiding inner copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patent:

Washington, D. 0.

end against which said printing device strikes.

9. The combination with a form-carrying member, of a reciprocating printing-device mounted on said member and having a roller movable toward and from said member, oscillating controlling-arms at the sides of said printing-device for causing said roller to move toward and from said member, and combined stops and bumpers in the path of said arms to cause the latter to oscillate and to limit the movement of said carriage, each combined stop and bumper comprising a flexible strip of metal having one end bent downward and its other end bent upward with its extremity free and yielding and having also a depending extension beneath said upwardly bent end for securing it to the frame.

In testimony whereof, I have aflixed my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EMMET M. BENNETT.

Witnesses:

ELLA C. PLUNKHAHN, EMIL NEUHART. 

